Health Canada says metal impurities in makeup minimal

Health Canada is attempting to placate Canadians concerned about their cosmetics after a report suggested many popular makeup products contain heavy toxic metals.

The report from Environmental Defence called on the government to impose stricter regulations on cosmetics companies and make them list all metals — which occur as impurities, not ingredients — on product labels.

Health Canada responded Monday by saying the metals identified in the report are prohibited from being intentionally added to products and instead occur naturally in “very, very low amounts.”

“Our objective as a government is to continue to lower those exposures as best we can at every turn. But I don’t think these numbers are cause for immediate alarm for Canadians,” said James Van Loon, director of Health Canada’s consumer product risk management bureau.

The report tested 49 makeup products and found all of them contained varying amounts of heavy metals with one lip gloss carrying arsenic and lead exceeding limits recommended by Health Canada.

“The fact that virtually all the products tested had some levels of these chemicals is a concern,” said Rick Smith, executive director of Environmental Defence. “Heavy metals are linked to quite serious human disease.”

But Van Loon said a person would have to consume five tubes of lipstick every day to have metal levels of significant concern within their body.

Health Canada has a set of draft guidelines it published in 2009 listing recommended levels for metal impurities to guide cosmetics makers on what is acceptable in their products.

Environmental Defence has urged the tightening and finalization of those guidelines in the hopes cosmetics makers will consequently lower the amount of trace metals in their products.

Van Loon said the government expects to finalize that draft guidance this year, but the acceptable levels of metal impurities it suggests will not be much different than those already in the draft. He added that Health Canada isn’t considering making the listing of metal impurities on product labels mandatory.

“For things like these impurities, our approach is to establish guidelines that we think are highly protective of human health and represent what is achievable in terms of getting those amounts as low as they can go,” he said.

Van Loon pointed out that Canada is already one of only two countries in the world to have published any guidelines on acceptable levels of metal impurities in cosmetics.

The government can also already take action against manufacturers that exceed prohibited metal impurity levels, and plans to investigate the one company listed in the report with a lip gloss containing trace metal amounts above limits suggested by Health Canada.

“We continue to watch the evolving science on exposure to metals,” said Van Loon. “It’s important for us to continue to try to lower exposures to metals everywhere we can, so this guidance could in the future continue to go down.”

The report published on Monday asked six women of various ages from across the country to identify five pieces of face makeup they used regularly to be tested. Environmental Defence chose five additional products and 49 different items which included powders, foundations, concealers, blushes, mascaras, eyeliners and lip glosses — were finally tested for the presence of heavy metals.

Tests found that all of the products tested contained trace amounts of nickel, lead and beryllium. On average, products contained four of eight “metals of concern.” All but one of the products, however, contained metal amounts within Health Canada’s draft guidelines.

The report is also being disputed by the Canadian Cosmetics, Toiletries and Fragrances Association, which argues the publication lacks context and unnecessarily scares Canadians.

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